How do I fishless cycle my tank?
 
  • Set-up a tank with filter, gravel, any decorations and heater (not needed for some goldfish). Be sure that you are using tank and filter sizes and aeration that are appropriate for the fish that you plan on housing in this tank.
  • Be sure to remove any carbon used in the filter or other ammonia, nitrite or nitrate absorbing pad.
  • Fill your tank with tap water and add dechlorinator/dechloraminator of choice. However, ammonia-removing products like Ammo-Lock, Bio-Safe and ACE, will give the bacteria of cycling nothing to feed on, so must be avoided. Water conditioners such as AmQuel® or Prime™ may be used because they convert toxic ammonia to a non-toxic form that may still be used by the nitrifying bacteria. AmQuel® or Prime™ should be used if you have chloramines in your tap water to neutralize them.
  • Add 5 drops of pure ammonia per gallon water, and wait 6 hours before testing the water for ammonia. A new medicine dropper is good for this purpose.
  • Add more ammonia until you obtain a reading of 5 ppm.
  • Always keep the filter running as this keeps the water well-oxygenated. The beneficial bacteria need oxygen in order to live.
  • Continue to test the water every other day for ammonia and nitrite, until you obtain a nitrite reading. This could take 1-4 weeks depending upon whether you have added some "seeded" material (gravel or filter media) from an already established and healthy tank.
  • Continue to keep your ammonia reading at 5 ppm.
  • Wait for the nitrite reading to drop to 0 (about 2-4 weeks into the process) at which time you should be obtaining a nitrate reading. This reading may be very high.
  • To make sure that your tank has finished cycling, add 5ppm of ammonia, wait 24 hours, then check the levels of ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate. If you have 0 ammonia, 0 nitrite, and 10-20 nitrates, you're almost ready to add fish.
  • Perform a 90% water change. Remember that the beneficial bacteria live in the filter media, the gravel, on decorations and on the tank walls and not in the water itself, so do not be worried about performing such a large water change.
  • After the water change, you are ready to add fish!